diff --git a/crates/daemon/keyforkd/src/lib.rs b/crates/daemon/keyforkd/src/lib.rs
index 40eafd4..d578500 100644
--- a/crates/daemon/keyforkd/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/daemon/keyforkd/src/lib.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ pub async fn start_and_run_server_on(
     let service = ServiceBuilder::new()
         .layer(middleware::BincodeLayer::new())
         // TODO: passphrase support and/or store passphrase with mnemonic
-        .service(Keyforkd::new(mnemonic.generate_seed(None)));
+        .service(Keyforkd::new(mnemonic.generate_seed(None).to_vec()));
 
     let mut server = match UnixServer::bind(socket_path) {
         Ok(s) => s,
diff --git a/crates/keyfork/src/cli/wizard.rs b/crates/keyfork/src/cli/wizard.rs
index dc9cbb1..d7fa553 100644
--- a/crates/keyfork/src/cli/wizard.rs
+++ b/crates/keyfork/src/cli/wizard.rs
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ use keyfork_derive_openpgp::{
     openpgp::{self, packet::UserID, types::KeyFlags, Cert, serialize::Marshal, armor::{Writer, Kind}},
     XPrv,
 };
-use keyfork_derive_util::{DerivationIndex, DerivationPath, VariableLengthSeed};
+use keyfork_derive_util::{DerivationIndex, DerivationPath};
 use keyfork_prompt::{
     default_terminal,
     validators::{SecurePinValidator, Validator},
@@ -196,7 +196,6 @@ fn generate_shard_secret(
 fn bottoms_up(key_discovery: &Path, threshold: u8, output_shardfile: &Path, output_cert: &Path, user_id: &str,) -> Result<()> {
     let entropy = keyfork_entropy::generate_entropy_of_const_size::<{ 256 / 8 }>()?;
     let mnemonic = Mnemonic::from_nonstandard_bytes(entropy);
-    // TODO: make this return const size, since is hash based
     let seed = mnemonic.generate_seed(None);
 
     // TODO: should this allow for customizing the account index from 0? Potential for key reuse
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ fn bottoms_up(key_discovery: &Path, threshold: u8, output_shardfile: &Path, outp
             .set_storage_encryption(),
         KeyFlags::empty().set_authentication(),
     ];
-    let xprv = XPrv::new(VariableLengthSeed::new(&seed))
+    let xprv = XPrv::new(seed)
         .expect("could not construct master key from seed")
         .derive_path(&path)?;
     let userid = UserID::from(user_id);
diff --git a/crates/util/keyfork-mnemonic-util/src/lib.rs b/crates/util/keyfork-mnemonic-util/src/lib.rs
index 1ba5405..d456f64 100644
--- a/crates/util/keyfork-mnemonic-util/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/util/keyfork-mnemonic-util/src/lib.rs
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ where
         &self,
         passphrase: impl Into<Option<&'a str>>,
     ) -> Result<Vec<u8>, MnemonicGenerationError> {
-        Ok(self.generate_seed(passphrase))
+        Ok(self.generate_seed(passphrase).to_vec())
     }
 
     /// Create a BIP-0032 seed from the provided data and an optional passphrase.
@@ -416,8 +416,7 @@ where
     /// # Panics
     /// The function may panic if the HmacSha512 function returns an error. The only error the
     /// HmacSha512 function should return is an invalid length, which should not be possible.
-    ///
-    pub fn generate_seed<'a>(&self, passphrase: impl Into<Option<&'a str>>) -> Vec<u8> {
+    pub fn generate_seed<'a>(&self, passphrase: impl Into<Option<&'a str>>) -> [u8; 64] {
         let passphrase = passphrase.into();
 
         let mut seed = [0u8; 64];
@@ -425,7 +424,7 @@ where
         let salt = ["mnemonic", passphrase.unwrap_or("")].join("");
         pbkdf2::<Hmac<Sha512>>(mnemonic.as_bytes(), salt.as_bytes(), 2048, &mut seed)
             .expect(bug!("HmacSha512 InvalidLength should be infallible"));
-        seed.to_vec()
+        seed
     }
 
     /// Encode the mnemonic into a list of integers 11 bits in length, matching the length of a