rust-bitcoin-unsafe-fast/bitcoin/src/address.rs

// Written in 2014 by Andrew Poelstra <apoelstra@wpsoftware.net>
// SPDX-License-Identifier: CC0-1.0

//! Bitcoin addresses.
//!
//! Support for ordinary base58 Bitcoin addresses and private keys.
//!
//! # Example: creating a new address from a randomly-generated key pair
//!
//! ```rust
//! # #[cfg(feature = "rand-std")] {
//! use bitcoin::{Address, PublicKey, Network};
//! use bitcoin::secp256k1::{rand, Secp256k1};
//!
//! // Generate random key pair.
//! let s = Secp256k1::new();
//! let public_key = PublicKey::new(s.generate_keypair(&mut rand::thread_rng()).1);
//!
//! // Generate pay-to-pubkey-hash address.
//! let address = Address::p2pkh(&public_key, Network::Bitcoin);
//! # }
//! ```
//!
//! # Note: creating a new address requires the rand-std feature flag
//!
//! ```toml
//! bitcoin = { version = "...", features = ["rand-std"] }
//! ```

use core::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
use core::fmt;
use core::marker::PhantomData;
use core::str::FromStr;

use bech32;
use hashes::{sha256, Hash, HashEngine};
use internals::write_err;
use secp256k1::{Secp256k1, Verification, XOnlyPublicKey};

use crate::base58;
use crate::blockdata::constants::{
    MAX_SCRIPT_ELEMENT_SIZE, PUBKEY_ADDRESS_PREFIX_MAIN, PUBKEY_ADDRESS_PREFIX_TEST,
    SCRIPT_ADDRESS_PREFIX_MAIN, SCRIPT_ADDRESS_PREFIX_TEST,
};
use crate::blockdata::opcodes;
use crate::blockdata::opcodes::all::*;
use crate::blockdata::script::{
    self, Instruction, PushBytes, PushBytesBuf, PushBytesErrorReport, Script, ScriptBuf,
};
use crate::crypto::key::{PublicKey, TapTweak, TweakedPublicKey, UntweakedPublicKey};
use crate::error::ParseIntError;
use crate::hash_types::{PubkeyHash, ScriptHash};
use crate::network::constants::Network;
use crate::prelude::*;
use crate::taproot::TapNodeHash;

/// Address error.
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Clone)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum Error {
    /// Base58 encoding error.
    Base58(base58::Error),
    /// Bech32 encoding error.
    Bech32(bech32::Error),
    /// The bech32 payload was empty.
    EmptyBech32Payload,
    /// The wrong checksum algorithm was used. See BIP-0350.
    InvalidBech32Variant {
        /// Bech32 variant that is required by the used Witness version.
        expected: bech32::Variant,
        /// The actual Bech32 variant encoded in the address representation.
        found: bech32::Variant,
    },
    /// Script version must be 0 to 16 inclusive.
    InvalidWitnessVersion(u8),
    /// Unable to parse witness version from string.
    UnparsableWitnessVersion(ParseIntError),
    /// Bitcoin script opcode does not match any known witness version, the script is malformed.
    MalformedWitnessVersion,
    /// The witness program must be between 2 and 40 bytes in length.
    InvalidWitnessProgramLength(usize),
    /// A v0 witness program must be either of length 20 or 32.
    InvalidSegwitV0ProgramLength(usize),
    /// An uncompressed pubkey was used where it is not allowed.
    UncompressedPubkey,
    /// Address size more than 520 bytes is not allowed.
    ExcessiveScriptSize,
    /// Script is not a p2pkh, p2sh or witness program.
    UnrecognizedScript,
    /// Address type is either invalid or not supported in rust-bitcoin.
    UnknownAddressType(String),
    /// Address's network differs from required one.
    NetworkValidation {
        /// Network that was required.
        required: Network,
        /// Network on which the address was found to be valid.
        found: Network,
        /// The address itself
        address: Address<NetworkUnchecked>,
    },
}

impl fmt::Display for Error {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        match *self {
            Error::Base58(ref e) => write_err!(f, "base58 address encoding error"; e),
            Error::Bech32(ref e) => write_err!(f, "bech32 address encoding error"; e),
            Error::EmptyBech32Payload => write!(f, "the bech32 payload was empty"),
            Error::InvalidBech32Variant { expected, found } => write!(f, "invalid bech32 checksum variant found {:?} when {:?} was expected", found, expected),
            Error::InvalidWitnessVersion(v) => write!(f, "invalid witness script version: {}", v),
            Error::UnparsableWitnessVersion(ref e) => write_err!(f, "incorrect format of a witness version byte"; e),
            Error::MalformedWitnessVersion => f.write_str("bitcoin script opcode does not match any known witness version, the script is malformed"),
            Error::InvalidWitnessProgramLength(l) => write!(f, "the witness program must be between 2 and 40 bytes in length: length={}", l),
            Error::InvalidSegwitV0ProgramLength(l) => write!(f, "a v0 witness program must be either of length 20 or 32 bytes: length={}", l),
            Error::UncompressedPubkey => write!(f, "an uncompressed pubkey was used where it is not allowed"),
            Error::ExcessiveScriptSize => write!(f, "script size exceed 520 bytes"),
            Error::UnrecognizedScript => write!(f, "script is not a p2pkh, p2sh or witness program"),
            Error::UnknownAddressType(ref s) => write!(f, "unknown address type: '{}' is either invalid or not supported in rust-bitcoin", s),
            Error::NetworkValidation { required, found, ref address } => {
                write!(f, "address ")?;
                address.fmt_internal(f)?; // Using fmt_internal in order to remove the "Address<NetworkUnchecked>(..)" wrapper
                write!(f, " belongs to network {} which is different from required {}", found, required)
            }
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(feature = "std")]
impl std::error::Error for Error {
    fn source(&self) -> Option<&(dyn std::error::Error + 'static)> {
        use self::Error::*;

        match self {
            Base58(e) => Some(e),
            Bech32(e) => Some(e),
            UnparsableWitnessVersion(e) => Some(e),
            EmptyBech32Payload
            | InvalidBech32Variant { .. }
            | InvalidWitnessVersion(_)
            | MalformedWitnessVersion
            | InvalidWitnessProgramLength(_)
            | InvalidSegwitV0ProgramLength(_)
            | UncompressedPubkey
            | ExcessiveScriptSize
            | UnrecognizedScript
            | UnknownAddressType(_)
            | NetworkValidation { .. } => None,
        }
    }
}

#[doc(hidden)]
impl From<base58::Error> for Error {
    fn from(e: base58::Error) -> Error { Error::Base58(e) }
}

#[doc(hidden)]
impl From<bech32::Error> for Error {
    fn from(e: bech32::Error) -> Error { Error::Bech32(e) }
}

/// The different types of addresses.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum AddressType {
    /// Pay to pubkey hash.
    P2pkh,
    /// Pay to script hash.
    P2sh,
    /// Pay to witness pubkey hash.
    P2wpkh,
    /// Pay to witness script hash.
    P2wsh,
    /// Pay to taproot.
    P2tr,
}

impl fmt::Display for AddressType {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        f.write_str(match *self {
            AddressType::P2pkh => "p2pkh",
            AddressType::P2sh => "p2sh",
            AddressType::P2wpkh => "p2wpkh",
            AddressType::P2wsh => "p2wsh",
            AddressType::P2tr => "p2tr",
        })
    }
}

impl FromStr for AddressType {
    type Err = Error;
    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        match s {
            "p2pkh" => Ok(AddressType::P2pkh),
            "p2sh" => Ok(AddressType::P2sh),
            "p2wpkh" => Ok(AddressType::P2wpkh),
            "p2wsh" => Ok(AddressType::P2wsh),
            "p2tr" => Ok(AddressType::P2tr),
            _ => Err(Error::UnknownAddressType(s.to_owned())),
        }
    }
}

/// Version of the witness program.
///
/// Helps limit possible versions of the witness according to the specification. If a plain `u8`
/// type was used instead it would mean that the version may be > 16, which would be incorrect.
///
/// First byte of `scriptPubkey` in transaction output for transactions starting with opcodes
/// ranging from 0 to 16 (inclusive).
#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash, Debug)]
#[repr(u8)]
pub enum WitnessVersion {
    /// Initial version of witness program. Used for P2WPKH and P2WPK outputs
    V0 = 0,
    /// Version of witness program used for Taproot P2TR outputs.
    V1 = 1,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V2 = 2,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V3 = 3,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V4 = 4,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V5 = 5,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V6 = 6,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V7 = 7,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V8 = 8,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V9 = 9,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V10 = 10,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V11 = 11,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V12 = 12,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V13 = 13,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V14 = 14,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V15 = 15,
    /// Future (unsupported) version of witness program.
    V16 = 16,
}

/// Prints [`WitnessVersion`] number (from 0 to 16) as integer, without
/// any prefix or suffix.
impl fmt::Display for WitnessVersion {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result { write!(f, "{}", *self as u8) }
}

impl FromStr for WitnessVersion {
    type Err = Error;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        let version: u8 = crate::parse::int(s).map_err(Error::UnparsableWitnessVersion)?;
        WitnessVersion::try_from(version)
    }
}

impl WitnessVersion {
    /// Returns integer version number representation for a given [`WitnessVersion`] value.
    ///
    /// NB: this is not the same as an integer representation of the opcode signifying witness
    /// version in bitcoin script. Thus, there is no function to directly convert witness version
    /// into a byte since the conversion requires context (bitcoin script or just a version number).
    pub fn to_num(self) -> u8 { self as u8 }

    /// Determines the checksum variant. See BIP-0350 for specification.
    pub fn bech32_variant(&self) -> bech32::Variant {
        match self {
            WitnessVersion::V0 => bech32::Variant::Bech32,
            _ => bech32::Variant::Bech32m,
        }
    }
}

impl TryFrom<bech32::u5> for WitnessVersion {
    type Error = Error;

    /// Converts 5-bit unsigned integer value matching single symbol from Bech32(m) address encoding
    /// ([`bech32::u5`]) into [`WitnessVersion`] variant.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// Version of the Witness program.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// If the integer does not correspond to any witness version, errors with
    /// [`Error::InvalidWitnessVersion`].
    fn try_from(value: bech32::u5) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> { Self::try_from(value.to_u8()) }
}

impl TryFrom<u8> for WitnessVersion {
    type Error = Error;

    /// Converts an 8-bit unsigned integer value into [`WitnessVersion`] variant.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// Version of the Witness program.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// If the integer does not correspond to any witness version, errors with
    /// [`Error::InvalidWitnessVersion`].
    fn try_from(no: u8) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        use WitnessVersion::*;

        Ok(match no {
            0 => V0,
            1 => V1,
            2 => V2,
            3 => V3,
            4 => V4,
            5 => V5,
            6 => V6,
            7 => V7,
            8 => V8,
            9 => V9,
            10 => V10,
            11 => V11,
            12 => V12,
            13 => V13,
            14 => V14,
            15 => V15,
            16 => V16,
            wrong => return Err(Error::InvalidWitnessVersion(wrong)),
        })
    }
}

impl TryFrom<opcodes::All> for WitnessVersion {
    type Error = Error;

    /// Converts bitcoin script opcode into [`WitnessVersion`] variant.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// Version of the Witness program (for opcodes in range of `OP_0`..`OP_16`).
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// If the opcode does not correspond to any witness version, errors with
    /// [`Error::MalformedWitnessVersion`].
    fn try_from(opcode: opcodes::All) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match opcode.to_u8() {
            0 => Ok(WitnessVersion::V0),
            version if version >= OP_PUSHNUM_1.to_u8() && version <= OP_PUSHNUM_16.to_u8() =>
                WitnessVersion::try_from(version - OP_PUSHNUM_1.to_u8() + 1),
            _ => Err(Error::MalformedWitnessVersion),
        }
    }
}

impl<'a> TryFrom<Instruction<'a>> for WitnessVersion {
    type Error = Error;

    /// Converts bitcoin script [`Instruction`] (parsed opcode) into [`WitnessVersion`] variant.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// Version of the Witness program for [`Instruction::Op`] and [`Instruction::PushBytes`] with
    /// byte value within `1..=16` range.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// If the opcode does not correspond to any witness version, errors with
    /// [`Error::MalformedWitnessVersion`] for the rest of opcodes.
    fn try_from(instruction: Instruction) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match instruction {
            Instruction::Op(op) => WitnessVersion::try_from(op),
            Instruction::PushBytes(bytes) if bytes.is_empty() => Ok(WitnessVersion::V0),
            Instruction::PushBytes(_) => Err(Error::MalformedWitnessVersion),
        }
    }
}

impl From<WitnessVersion> for bech32::u5 {
    /// Converts [`WitnessVersion`] instance into corresponding Bech32(m) u5-value ([`bech32::u5`]).
    fn from(version: WitnessVersion) -> Self {
        bech32::u5::try_from_u8(version.to_num()).expect("WitnessVersion must be 0..=16")
    }
}

impl From<WitnessVersion> for opcodes::All {
    /// Converts [`WitnessVersion`] instance into corresponding Bitcoin scriptopcode (`OP_0`..`OP_16`).
    fn from(version: WitnessVersion) -> opcodes::All {
        match version {
            WitnessVersion::V0 => OP_PUSHBYTES_0,
            no => opcodes::All::from(OP_PUSHNUM_1.to_u8() + no.to_num() - 1),
        }
    }
}

/// The method used to produce an address.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
#[non_exhaustive]
pub enum Payload {
    /// P2PKH address.
    PubkeyHash(PubkeyHash),
    /// P2SH address.
    ScriptHash(ScriptHash),
    /// Segwit address.
    WitnessProgram(WitnessProgram),
}

/// Witness program as defined in BIP141.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub struct WitnessProgram {
    /// The witness program version.
    version: WitnessVersion,
    /// The witness program. (Between 2 and 40 bytes)
    program: PushBytesBuf,
}

impl WitnessProgram {
    /// Creates a new witness program.
    pub fn new<P>(version: WitnessVersion, program: P) -> Result<Self, Error>
    where
        P: TryInto<PushBytesBuf>,
        <P as TryInto<PushBytesBuf>>::Error: PushBytesErrorReport,
    {
        let program = program
            .try_into()
            .map_err(|error| Error::InvalidWitnessProgramLength(error.input_len()))?;
        if program.len() < 2 || program.len() > 40 {
            return Err(Error::InvalidWitnessProgramLength(program.len()));
        }

        // Specific segwit v0 check. These addresses can never spend funds sent to them.
        if version == WitnessVersion::V0 && (program.len() != 20 && program.len() != 32) {
            return Err(Error::InvalidSegwitV0ProgramLength(program.len()));
        }
        Ok(WitnessProgram { version, program })
    }

    /// Returns the witness program version.
    pub fn version(&self) -> WitnessVersion { self.version }

    /// Returns the witness program.
    pub fn program(&self) -> &PushBytes { &self.program }
}

impl Payload {
    /// Constructs a [Payload] from an output script (`scriptPubkey`).
    pub fn from_script(script: &Script) -> Result<Payload, Error> {
        Ok(if script.is_p2pkh() {
            let bytes = script.as_bytes()[3..23].try_into().expect("statically 20B long");
            Payload::PubkeyHash(PubkeyHash::from_byte_array(bytes))
        } else if script.is_p2sh() {
            let bytes = script.as_bytes()[2..22].try_into().expect("statically 20B long");
            Payload::ScriptHash(ScriptHash::from_byte_array(bytes))
        } else if script.is_witness_program() {
            let opcode = script.first_opcode().expect("witness_version guarantees len() > 4");

            let witness_program = script.as_bytes()[2..].to_vec();

            let witness_program =
                WitnessProgram::new(WitnessVersion::try_from(opcode)?, witness_program)?;
            Payload::WitnessProgram(witness_program)
        } else {
            return Err(Error::UnrecognizedScript);
        })
    }

    /// Generates a script pubkey spending to this [Payload].
    pub fn script_pubkey(&self) -> ScriptBuf {
        match *self {
            Payload::PubkeyHash(ref hash) => ScriptBuf::new_p2pkh(hash),
            Payload::ScriptHash(ref hash) => ScriptBuf::new_p2sh(hash),
            Payload::WitnessProgram(ref prog) => ScriptBuf::new_witness_program(prog),
        }
    }

    /// Returns true if the address creates a particular script
    /// This function doesn't make any allocations.
    pub fn matches_script_pubkey(&self, script: &Script) -> bool {
        match *self {
            Payload::PubkeyHash(ref hash) if script.is_p2pkh() =>
                &script.as_bytes()[3..23] == <PubkeyHash as AsRef<[u8; 20]>>::as_ref(hash),
            Payload::ScriptHash(ref hash) if script.is_p2sh() =>
                &script.as_bytes()[2..22] == <ScriptHash as AsRef<[u8; 20]>>::as_ref(hash),
            Payload::WitnessProgram(ref prog) if script.is_witness_program() =>
                &script.as_bytes()[2..] == prog.program.as_bytes(),
            Payload::PubkeyHash(_) | Payload::ScriptHash(_) | Payload::WitnessProgram(_) => false,
        }
    }

    /// Creates a pay to (compressed) public key hash payload from a public key
    #[inline]
    pub fn p2pkh(pk: &PublicKey) -> Payload { Payload::PubkeyHash(pk.pubkey_hash()) }

    /// Creates a pay to script hash P2SH payload from a script
    #[inline]
    pub fn p2sh(script: &Script) -> Result<Payload, Error> {
        if script.len() > MAX_SCRIPT_ELEMENT_SIZE {
            return Err(Error::ExcessiveScriptSize);
        }
        Ok(Payload::ScriptHash(script.script_hash()))
    }

    /// Create a witness pay to public key payload from a public key
    pub fn p2wpkh(pk: &PublicKey) -> Result<Payload, Error> {
        let prog = WitnessProgram::new(
            WitnessVersion::V0,
            pk.wpubkey_hash().ok_or(Error::UncompressedPubkey)?,
        )?;
        Ok(Payload::WitnessProgram(prog))
    }

    /// Create a pay to script payload that embeds a witness pay to public key
    pub fn p2shwpkh(pk: &PublicKey) -> Result<Payload, Error> {
        let builder = script::Builder::new()
            .push_int(0)
            .push_slice(pk.wpubkey_hash().ok_or(Error::UncompressedPubkey)?);

        Ok(Payload::ScriptHash(builder.into_script().script_hash()))
    }

    /// Create a witness pay to script hash payload.
    pub fn p2wsh(script: &Script) -> Payload {
        let prog = WitnessProgram::new(WitnessVersion::V0, script.wscript_hash())
            .expect("wscript_hash has len 32 compatible with segwitv0");
        Payload::WitnessProgram(prog)
    }

    /// Create a pay to script payload that embeds a witness pay to script hash address
    pub fn p2shwsh(script: &Script) -> Payload {
        let ws = script::Builder::new().push_int(0).push_slice(script.wscript_hash()).into_script();

        Payload::ScriptHash(ws.script_hash())
    }

    /// Create a pay to taproot payload from untweaked key
    pub fn p2tr<C: Verification>(
        secp: &Secp256k1<C>,
        internal_key: UntweakedPublicKey,
        merkle_root: Option<TapNodeHash>,
    ) -> Payload {
        let (output_key, _parity) = internal_key.tap_tweak(secp, merkle_root);
        let prog = WitnessProgram::new(WitnessVersion::V1, output_key.to_inner().serialize())
            .expect("taproot output key has len 32 <= 40");
        Payload::WitnessProgram(prog)
    }

    /// Create a pay to taproot payload from a pre-tweaked output key.
    ///
    /// This method is not recommended for use and [Payload::p2tr()] should be used where possible.
    pub fn p2tr_tweaked(output_key: TweakedPublicKey) -> Payload {
        let prog = WitnessProgram::new(WitnessVersion::V1, output_key.to_inner().serialize())
            .expect("taproot output key has len 32 <= 40");
        Payload::WitnessProgram(prog)
    }

    /// Returns a byte slice of the inner program of the payload. If the payload
    /// is a script hash or pubkey hash, a reference to the hash is returned.
    fn inner_prog_as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
        match self {
            Payload::ScriptHash(hash) => hash.as_ref(),
            Payload::PubkeyHash(hash) => hash.as_ref(),
            Payload::WitnessProgram(prog) => prog.program().as_bytes(),
        }
    }
}

/// A utility struct to encode an address payload with the given parameters.
/// This is a low-level utility struct. Consider using `Address` instead.
pub struct AddressEncoding<'a> {
    /// The address payload to encode.
    pub payload: &'a Payload,
    /// base58 version byte for p2pkh payloads (e.g. 0x00 for "1..." addresses).
    pub p2pkh_prefix: u8,
    /// base58 version byte for p2sh payloads (e.g. 0x05 for "3..." addresses).
    pub p2sh_prefix: u8,
    /// hrp used in bech32 addresss (e.g. "bc" for "bc1..." addresses).
    pub bech32_hrp: &'a str,
}

/// Formats bech32 as upper case if alternate formatting is chosen (`{:#}`).
impl<'a> fmt::Display for AddressEncoding<'a> {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        match self.payload {
            Payload::PubkeyHash(hash) => {
                let mut prefixed = [0; 21];
                prefixed[0] = self.p2pkh_prefix;
                prefixed[1..].copy_from_slice(&hash[..]);
                base58::encode_check_to_fmt(fmt, &prefixed[..])
            }
            Payload::ScriptHash(hash) => {
                let mut prefixed = [0; 21];
                prefixed[0] = self.p2sh_prefix;
                prefixed[1..].copy_from_slice(&hash[..]);
                base58::encode_check_to_fmt(fmt, &prefixed[..])
            }
            Payload::WitnessProgram(witness_prog) => {
                let (version, prog) = (witness_prog.version(), witness_prog.program());
                let mut upper_writer;
                let writer = if fmt.alternate() {
                    upper_writer = UpperWriter(fmt);
                    &mut upper_writer as &mut dyn fmt::Write
                } else {
                    fmt as &mut dyn fmt::Write
                };
                let mut bech32_writer =
                    bech32::Bech32Writer::new(self.bech32_hrp, version.bech32_variant(), writer)?;
                bech32::WriteBase32::write_u5(&mut bech32_writer, version.into())?;
                bech32::ToBase32::write_base32(&prog.as_bytes(), &mut bech32_writer)
            }
        }
    }
}

mod sealed {
    pub trait NetworkValidation {}
    impl NetworkValidation for super::NetworkChecked {}
    impl NetworkValidation for super::NetworkUnchecked {}
}

/// Marker of status of address's network validation. See section [*Parsing addresses*](Address#parsing-addresses)
/// on [`Address`] for details.
pub trait NetworkValidation: sealed::NetworkValidation {
    /// Indicates whether this `NetworkValidation` is `NetworkChecked` or not.
    const IS_CHECKED: bool;
}

/// Marker that address's network has been successfully validated. See section [*Parsing addresses*](Address#parsing-addresses)
/// on [`Address`] for details.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub enum NetworkChecked {}

/// Marker that address's network has not yet been validated. See section [*Parsing addresses*](Address#parsing-addresses)
/// on [`Address`] for details.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
pub enum NetworkUnchecked {}

impl NetworkValidation for NetworkChecked {
    const IS_CHECKED: bool = true;
}
impl NetworkValidation for NetworkUnchecked {
    const IS_CHECKED: bool = false;
}

/// The inner representation of an address, without the network validation tag.
///
/// An `Address` is composed of a payload and a network. This struct represents the inner
/// representation of an address without the network validation tag, which is used to ensure that
/// addresses are used only on the appropriate network.
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
struct AddressInner {
    payload: Payload,
    network: Network,
}

/// A Bitcoin address.
///
/// ### Parsing addresses
///
/// When parsing string as an address, one has to pay attention to the network, on which the parsed
/// address is supposed to be valid. For the purpose of this validation, `Address` has
/// [`is_valid_for_network`](Address<NetworkUnchecked>::is_valid_for_network) method. In order to provide more safety,
/// enforced by compiler, `Address` also contains a special marker type, which indicates whether network of the parsed
/// address has been checked. This marker type will prevent from calling certain functions unless the network
/// verification has been successfully completed.
///
/// The result of parsing an address is `Address<NetworkUnchecked>` suggesting that network of the parsed address
/// has not yet been verified. To perform this verification, method [`require_network`](Address<NetworkUnchecked>::require_network)
/// can be called, providing network on which the address is supposed to be valid. If the verification succeeds,
/// `Address<NetworkChecked>` is returned.
///
/// The types `Address` and `Address<NetworkChecked>` are synonymous, i. e. they can be used interchangeably.
///
/// ```rust
/// use std::str::FromStr;
/// use bitcoin::{Address, Network};
/// use bitcoin::address::{NetworkUnchecked, NetworkChecked};
///
/// // variant 1
/// let address: Address<NetworkUnchecked> = "32iVBEu4dxkUQk9dJbZUiBiQdmypcEyJRf".parse().unwrap();
/// let address: Address<NetworkChecked> = address.require_network(Network::Bitcoin).unwrap();
///
/// // variant 2
/// let address: Address = Address::from_str("32iVBEu4dxkUQk9dJbZUiBiQdmypcEyJRf").unwrap()
///                .require_network(Network::Bitcoin).unwrap();
///
/// // variant 3
/// let address: Address<NetworkChecked> = "32iVBEu4dxkUQk9dJbZUiBiQdmypcEyJRf".parse::<Address<_>>()
///                .unwrap().require_network(Network::Bitcoin).unwrap();
/// ```
///
/// ### Formatting addresses
///
/// To format address into its textual representation, both `Debug` (for usage in programmer-facing,
/// debugging context) and `Display` (for user-facing output) can be used, with the following caveats:
///
/// 1. `Display` is implemented only for `Address<NetworkChecked>`:
///
/// ```
/// # use std::str::FromStr;
/// # use bitcoin::address::{Address, NetworkChecked};
/// let address: Address<NetworkChecked> = Address::from_str("132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM")
///                .unwrap().assume_checked();
/// assert_eq!(address.to_string(), "132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM");
/// ```
///
/// ```ignore
/// # use std::str::FromStr;
/// # use bitcoin::address::{Address, NetworkChecked};
/// let address: Address<NetworkUnchecked> = Address::from_str("132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM")
///                .unwrap();
/// let s = address.to_string(); // does not compile
/// ```
///
/// 2. `Debug` on `Address<NetworkUnchecked>` does not produce clean address but address wrapped by
/// an indicator that its network has not been checked. This is to encourage programmer to properly
/// check the network and use `Display` in user-facing context.
///
/// ```
/// # use std::str::FromStr;
/// # use bitcoin::address::{Address, NetworkUnchecked};
/// let address: Address<NetworkUnchecked> = Address::from_str("132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM")
///                .unwrap();
/// assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", address), "Address<NetworkUnchecked>(132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM)");
/// ```
///
/// ```
/// # use std::str::FromStr;
/// # use bitcoin::address::{Address, NetworkChecked};
/// let address: Address<NetworkChecked> = Address::from_str("132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM")
///                .unwrap().assume_checked();
/// assert_eq!(format!("{:?}", address), "132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM");
/// ```
///
/// ### Relevant BIPs
///
/// * [BIP13 - Address Format for pay-to-script-hash](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0013.mediawiki)
/// * [BIP16 - Pay to Script Hash](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0016.mediawiki)
/// * [BIP141 - Segregated Witness (Consensus layer)](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0141.mediawiki)
/// * [BIP142 - Address Format for Segregated Witness](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0142.mediawiki)
/// * [BIP341 - Taproot: SegWit version 1 spending rules](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0341.mediawiki)
/// * [BIP350 - Bech32m format for v1+ witness addresses](https://github.com/bitcoin/bips/blob/master/bip-0350.mediawiki)
#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
///
/// The `#[repr(transparent)]` attribute is used to guarantee that the layout of the
/// `Address` struct is the same as the layout of the `AddressInner` struct. This attribute is
/// an implementation detail and users should not rely on it in their code.
///
#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct Address<V = NetworkChecked>(AddressInner, PhantomData<V>)
where
    V: NetworkValidation;

#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
struct DisplayUnchecked<'a>(&'a Address<NetworkUnchecked>);

#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
impl fmt::Display for DisplayUnchecked<'_> {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { self.0.fmt_internal(fmt) }
}

#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
crate::serde_utils::serde_string_serialize_impl!(Address, "a Bitcoin address");

#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
crate::serde_utils::serde_string_deserialize_impl!(Address<NetworkUnchecked>, "a Bitcoin address");

#[cfg(feature = "serde")]
impl serde::Serialize for Address<NetworkUnchecked> {
    fn serialize<S>(&self, serializer: S) -> Result<S::Ok, S::Error>
    where
        S: serde::Serializer,
    {
        serializer.collect_str(&DisplayUnchecked(self))
    }
}

/// Methods on [`Address`] that can be called on both `Address<NetworkChecked>` and
/// `Address<NetworkUnchecked>`.
impl<V: NetworkValidation> Address<V> {
    /// Returns a reference to the payload of this address.
    pub fn payload(&self) -> &Payload { &self.0.payload }

    /// Returns a reference to the network of this address.
    pub fn network(&self) -> &Network { &self.0.network }

    /// Returns a reference to the unchecked address, which is dangerous to use if the address
    /// is invalid in the context of `NetworkUnchecked`.
    pub fn as_unchecked(&self) -> &Address<NetworkUnchecked> {
        unsafe { &*(self as *const Address<V> as *const Address<NetworkUnchecked>) }
    }

    /// Extracts and returns the network and payload components of the `Address`.
    pub fn into_parts(self) -> (Network, Payload) {
        let AddressInner { payload, network } = self.0;
        (network, payload)
    }

    /// Gets the address type of the address.
    ///
    /// This method is publicly available as [`address_type`](Address<NetworkChecked>::address_type)
    /// on `Address<NetworkChecked>` but internally can be called on `Address<NetworkUnchecked>` as
    /// `address_type_internal`.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// None if unknown, non-standard or related to the future witness version.
    fn address_type_internal(&self) -> Option<AddressType> {
        match self.payload() {
            Payload::PubkeyHash(_) => Some(AddressType::P2pkh),
            Payload::ScriptHash(_) => Some(AddressType::P2sh),
            Payload::WitnessProgram(ref prog) => {
                // BIP-141 p2wpkh or p2wsh addresses.
                match prog.version() {
                    WitnessVersion::V0 => match prog.program().len() {
                        20 => Some(AddressType::P2wpkh),
                        32 => Some(AddressType::P2wsh),
                        _ => unreachable!(
                            "Address creation invariant violation: invalid program length"
                        ),
                    },
                    WitnessVersion::V1 if prog.program().len() == 32 => Some(AddressType::P2tr),
                    _ => None,
                }
            }
        }
    }

    /// Format the address for the usage by `Debug` and `Display` implementations.
    fn fmt_internal(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        let p2pkh_prefix = match self.network() {
            Network::Bitcoin => PUBKEY_ADDRESS_PREFIX_MAIN,
            Network::Testnet | Network::Signet | Network::Regtest => PUBKEY_ADDRESS_PREFIX_TEST,
        };
        let p2sh_prefix = match self.network() {
            Network::Bitcoin => SCRIPT_ADDRESS_PREFIX_MAIN,
            Network::Testnet | Network::Signet | Network::Regtest => SCRIPT_ADDRESS_PREFIX_TEST,
        };
        let bech32_hrp = match self.network() {
            Network::Bitcoin => "bc",
            Network::Testnet | Network::Signet => "tb",
            Network::Regtest => "bcrt",
        };
        let encoding =
            AddressEncoding { payload: self.payload(), p2pkh_prefix, p2sh_prefix, bech32_hrp };

        use fmt::Display;

        encoding.fmt(fmt)
    }

    /// Create new address from given components, infering the network validation
    /// marker type of the address.
    #[inline]
    pub fn new(network: Network, payload: Payload) -> Self {
        Self(AddressInner { network, payload }, PhantomData)
    }
}

/// Methods and functions that can be called only on `Address<NetworkChecked>`.
impl Address {
    /// Creates a pay to (compressed) public key hash address from a public key.
    ///
    /// This is the preferred non-witness type address.
    #[inline]
    pub fn p2pkh(pk: &PublicKey, network: Network) -> Address {
        Address::new(network, Payload::p2pkh(pk))
    }

    /// Creates a pay to script hash P2SH address from a script.
    ///
    /// This address type was introduced with BIP16 and is the popular type to implement multi-sig
    /// these days.
    #[inline]
    pub fn p2sh(script: &Script, network: Network) -> Result<Address, Error> {
        Ok(Address::new(network, Payload::p2sh(script)?))
    }

    /// Creates a witness pay to public key address from a public key.
    ///
    /// This is the native segwit address type for an output redeemable with a single signature.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Will only return an error if an uncompressed public key is provided.
    pub fn p2wpkh(pk: &PublicKey, network: Network) -> Result<Address, Error> {
        Ok(Address::new(network, Payload::p2wpkh(pk)?))
    }

    /// Creates a pay to script address that embeds a witness pay to public key.
    ///
    /// This is a segwit address type that looks familiar (as p2sh) to legacy clients.
    ///
    /// # Errors
    /// Will only return an Error if an uncompressed public key is provided.
    pub fn p2shwpkh(pk: &PublicKey, network: Network) -> Result<Address, Error> {
        Ok(Address::new(network, Payload::p2shwpkh(pk)?))
    }

    /// Creates a witness pay to script hash address.
    pub fn p2wsh(script: &Script, network: Network) -> Address {
        Address::new(network, Payload::p2wsh(script))
    }

    /// Creates a pay to script address that embeds a witness pay to script hash address.
    ///
    /// This is a segwit address type that looks familiar (as p2sh) to legacy clients.
    pub fn p2shwsh(script: &Script, network: Network) -> Address {
        Address::new(network, Payload::p2shwsh(script))
    }

    /// Creates a pay to taproot address from an untweaked key.
    pub fn p2tr<C: Verification>(
        secp: &Secp256k1<C>,
        internal_key: UntweakedPublicKey,
        merkle_root: Option<TapNodeHash>,
        network: Network,
    ) -> Address {
        Address::new(network, Payload::p2tr(secp, internal_key, merkle_root))
    }

    /// Creates a pay to taproot address from a pre-tweaked output key.
    ///
    /// This method is not recommended for use, [`Address::p2tr()`] should be used where possible.
    pub fn p2tr_tweaked(output_key: TweakedPublicKey, network: Network) -> Address {
        Address::new(network, Payload::p2tr_tweaked(output_key))
    }

    /// Gets the address type of the address.
    ///
    /// # Returns
    /// None if unknown, non-standard or related to the future witness version.
    #[inline]
    pub fn address_type(&self) -> Option<AddressType> { self.address_type_internal() }

    /// Checks whether or not the address is following Bitcoin standardness rules when
    /// *spending* from this address. *NOT* to be called by senders.
    ///
    /// <details>
    /// <summary>Spending Standardness</summary>
    ///
    /// For forward compatibility, the senders must send to any [`Address`]. Receivers
    /// can use this method to check whether or not they can spend from this address.
    ///
    /// SegWit addresses with unassigned witness versions or non-standard program sizes are
    /// considered non-standard.
    /// </details>
    ///
    pub fn is_spend_standard(&self) -> bool { self.address_type().is_some() }

    /// Checks whether or not the address is following Bitcoin standardness rules.
    ///
    /// SegWit addresses with unassigned witness versions or non-standard program sizes are
    /// considered non-standard.
    #[deprecated(since = "0.30.0", note = "Use Address::is_spend_standard instead")]
    pub fn is_standard(&self) -> bool { self.address_type().is_some() }

    /// Constructs an [`Address`] from an output script (`scriptPubkey`).
    pub fn from_script(script: &Script, network: Network) -> Result<Address, Error> {
        Ok(Address::new(network, Payload::from_script(script)?))
    }

    /// Generates a script pubkey spending to this address.
    pub fn script_pubkey(&self) -> ScriptBuf { self.payload().script_pubkey() }

    /// Creates a URI string *bitcoin:address* optimized to be encoded in QR codes.
    ///
    /// If the address is bech32, both the schema and the address become uppercase.
    /// If the address is base58, the schema is lowercase and the address is left mixed case.
    ///
    /// Quoting BIP 173 "inside QR codes uppercase SHOULD be used, as those permit the use of
    /// alphanumeric mode, which is 45% more compact than the normal byte mode."
    ///
    /// Note however that despite BIP21 explicitly stating that the `bitcoin:` prefix should be
    /// parsed as case-insensitive many wallets got this wrong and don't parse correctly.
    /// [See compatibility table.](https://github.com/btcpayserver/btcpayserver/issues/2110)
    ///
    /// If you want to avoid allocation you can use alternate display instead:
    /// ```
    /// # use core::fmt::Write;
    /// # const ADDRESS: &str = "BC1QW508D6QEJXTDG4Y5R3ZARVARY0C5XW7KV8F3T4";
    /// # let address = ADDRESS.parse::<bitcoin::Address<_>>().unwrap().assume_checked();
    /// # let mut writer = String::new();
    /// # // magic trick to make error handling look better
    /// # (|| -> Result<(), core::fmt::Error> {
    ///
    /// write!(writer, "{:#}", address)?;
    ///
    /// # Ok(())
    /// # })().unwrap();
    /// # assert_eq!(writer, ADDRESS);
    /// ```
    pub fn to_qr_uri(&self) -> String {
        let schema = match self.payload() {
            Payload::WitnessProgram { .. } => "BITCOIN",
            _ => "bitcoin",
        };
        format!("{}:{:#}", schema, self)
    }

    /// Returns true if the given pubkey is directly related to the address payload.
    ///
    /// This is determined by directly comparing the address payload with either the
    /// hash of the given public key or the segwit redeem hash generated from the
    /// given key. For taproot addresses, the supplied key is assumed to be tweaked
    pub fn is_related_to_pubkey(&self, pubkey: &PublicKey) -> bool {
        let pubkey_hash = pubkey.pubkey_hash();
        let payload = self.payload().inner_prog_as_bytes();
        let xonly_pubkey = XOnlyPublicKey::from(pubkey.inner);

        (*pubkey_hash.as_byte_array() == *payload)
            || (xonly_pubkey.serialize() == *payload)
            || (*segwit_redeem_hash(&pubkey_hash).as_byte_array() == *payload)
    }

    /// Returns true if the supplied xonly public key can be used to derive the address.
    ///
    /// This will only work for Taproot addresses. The Public Key is
    /// assumed to have already been tweaked.
    pub fn is_related_to_xonly_pubkey(&self, xonly_pubkey: &XOnlyPublicKey) -> bool {
        let payload = self.payload().inner_prog_as_bytes();
        payload == xonly_pubkey.serialize()
    }

    /// Returns true if the address creates a particular script
    /// This function doesn't make any allocations.
    pub fn matches_script_pubkey(&self, script_pubkey: &Script) -> bool {
        self.payload().matches_script_pubkey(script_pubkey)
    }
}

/// Methods that can be called only on `Address<NetworkUnchecked>`.
impl Address<NetworkUnchecked> {
    /// Returns a reference to the checked address.
    /// This function is dangerous in case the address is not a valid checked address.
    pub fn assume_checked_ref(&self) -> &Address {
        unsafe { &*(self as *const Address<NetworkUnchecked> as *const Address) }
    }
    /// Parsed addresses do not always have *one* network. The problem is that legacy testnet,
    /// regtest and signet addresse use the same prefix instead of multiple different ones. When
    /// parsing, such addresses are always assumed to be testnet addresses (the same is true for
    /// bech32 signet addresses). So if one wants to check if an address belongs to a certain
    /// network a simple comparison is not enough anymore. Instead this function can be used.
    ///
    /// ```rust
    /// use bitcoin::{Address, Network};
    /// use bitcoin::address::NetworkUnchecked;
    ///
    /// let address: Address<NetworkUnchecked> = "2N83imGV3gPwBzKJQvWJ7cRUY2SpUyU6A5e".parse().unwrap();
    /// assert!(address.is_valid_for_network(Network::Testnet));
    /// assert!(address.is_valid_for_network(Network::Regtest));
    /// assert!(address.is_valid_for_network(Network::Signet));
    ///
    /// assert_eq!(address.is_valid_for_network(Network::Bitcoin), false);
    ///
    /// let address: Address<NetworkUnchecked> = "32iVBEu4dxkUQk9dJbZUiBiQdmypcEyJRf".parse().unwrap();
    /// assert!(address.is_valid_for_network(Network::Bitcoin));
    /// assert_eq!(address.is_valid_for_network(Network::Testnet), false);
    /// ```
    pub fn is_valid_for_network(&self, network: Network) -> bool {
        let is_legacy = matches!(
            self.address_type_internal(),
            Some(AddressType::P2pkh) | Some(AddressType::P2sh)
        );

        match (self.network(), network) {
            (a, b) if *a == b => true,
            (Network::Bitcoin, _) | (_, Network::Bitcoin) => false,
            (Network::Regtest, _) | (_, Network::Regtest) if !is_legacy => false,
            (Network::Testnet, _) | (Network::Regtest, _) | (Network::Signet, _) => true,
        }
    }

    /// Checks whether network of this address is as required.
    ///
    /// For details about this mechanism, see section [*Parsing addresses*](Address#parsing-addresses)
    /// on [`Address`].
    #[inline]
    pub fn require_network(self, required: Network) -> Result<Address, Error> {
        if self.is_valid_for_network(required) {
            Ok(self.assume_checked())
        } else {
            Err(Error::NetworkValidation { found: *self.network(), required, address: self })
        }
    }

    /// Marks, without any additional checks, network of this address as checked.
    ///
    /// Improper use of this method may lead to loss of funds. Reader will most likely prefer
    /// [`require_network`](Address<NetworkUnchecked>::require_network) as a safe variant.
    /// For details about this mechanism, see section [*Parsing addresses*](Address#parsing-addresses)
    /// on [`Address`].
    #[inline]
    pub fn assume_checked(self) -> Address {
        let (network, payload) = self.into_parts();
        Address::new(network, payload)
    }
}

// For NetworkUnchecked , it compare Addresses and if network and payload matches then return true.
impl PartialEq<Address<NetworkUnchecked>> for Address {
    fn eq(&self, other: &Address<NetworkUnchecked>) -> bool {
        self.network() == other.network() && self.payload() == other.payload()
    }
}

impl PartialEq<Address> for Address<NetworkUnchecked> {
    fn eq(&self, other: &Address) -> bool { other == self }
}

impl From<Address> for script::ScriptBuf {
    fn from(a: Address) -> Self { a.script_pubkey() }
}

// Alternate formatting `{:#}` is used to return uppercase version of bech32 addresses which should
// be used in QR codes, see [`Address::to_qr_uri`].
impl fmt::Display for Address {
    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result { self.fmt_internal(fmt) }
}

impl<V: NetworkValidation> fmt::Debug for Address<V> {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
        if V::IS_CHECKED {
            self.fmt_internal(f)
        } else {
            write!(f, "Address<NetworkUnchecked>(")?;
            self.fmt_internal(f)?;
            write!(f, ")")
        }
    }
}

struct UpperWriter<W: fmt::Write>(W);

impl<W: fmt::Write> fmt::Write for UpperWriter<W> {
    fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {
        for c in s.chars() {
            self.0.write_char(c.to_ascii_uppercase())?;
        }
        Ok(())
    }
}

/// Extracts the bech32 prefix.
///
/// # Returns
/// The input slice if no prefix is found.
fn find_bech32_prefix(bech32: &str) -> &str {
    // Split at the last occurrence of the separator character '1'.
    match bech32.rfind('1') {
        None => bech32,
        Some(sep) => bech32.split_at(sep).0,
    }
}

/// Address can be parsed only with `NetworkUnchecked`.
impl FromStr for Address<NetworkUnchecked> {
    type Err = Error;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Address<NetworkUnchecked>, Error> {
        // try bech32
        let bech32_network = match find_bech32_prefix(s) {
            // note that upper or lowercase is allowed but NOT mixed case
            "bc" | "BC" => Some(Network::Bitcoin),
            "tb" | "TB" => Some(Network::Testnet), // this may also be signet
            "bcrt" | "BCRT" => Some(Network::Regtest),
            _ => None,
        };
        if let Some(network) = bech32_network {
            // decode as bech32
            let (_, payload, variant) = bech32::decode(s)?;
            if payload.is_empty() {
                return Err(Error::EmptyBech32Payload);
            }

            // Get the script version and program (converted from 5-bit to 8-bit)
            let (version, program): (WitnessVersion, Vec<u8>) = {
                let (v, p5) = payload.split_at(1);
                (WitnessVersion::try_from(v[0])?, bech32::FromBase32::from_base32(p5)?)
            };

            let witness_program = WitnessProgram::new(version, program)?;

            // Encoding check
            let expected = version.bech32_variant();
            if expected != variant {
                return Err(Error::InvalidBech32Variant { expected, found: variant });
            }

            return Ok(Address::new(network, Payload::WitnessProgram(witness_program)));
        }

        // Base58
        if s.len() > 50 {
            return Err(Error::Base58(base58::Error::InvalidLength(s.len() * 11 / 15)));
        }
        let data = base58::decode_check(s)?;
        if data.len() != 21 {
            return Err(Error::Base58(base58::Error::InvalidLength(data.len())));
        }

        let (network, payload) = match data[0] {
            PUBKEY_ADDRESS_PREFIX_MAIN =>
                (Network::Bitcoin, Payload::PubkeyHash(PubkeyHash::from_slice(&data[1..]).unwrap())),
            SCRIPT_ADDRESS_PREFIX_MAIN =>
                (Network::Bitcoin, Payload::ScriptHash(ScriptHash::from_slice(&data[1..]).unwrap())),
            PUBKEY_ADDRESS_PREFIX_TEST =>
                (Network::Testnet, Payload::PubkeyHash(PubkeyHash::from_slice(&data[1..]).unwrap())),
            SCRIPT_ADDRESS_PREFIX_TEST =>
                (Network::Testnet, Payload::ScriptHash(ScriptHash::from_slice(&data[1..]).unwrap())),
            x => return Err(Error::Base58(base58::Error::InvalidAddressVersion(x))),
        };

        Ok(Address::new(network, payload))
    }
}

/// Convert a byte array of a pubkey hash into a segwit redeem hash
fn segwit_redeem_hash(pubkey_hash: &PubkeyHash) -> crate::hashes::hash160::Hash {
    let mut sha_engine = sha256::Hash::engine();
    sha_engine.input(&[0, 20]);
    sha_engine.input(pubkey_hash.as_ref());
    crate::hashes::hash160::Hash::from_engine(sha_engine)
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use core::str::FromStr;

    use hex_lit::hex;
    use secp256k1::XOnlyPublicKey;

    use super::*;
    use crate::crypto::key::PublicKey;
    use crate::network::constants::Network::{Bitcoin, Testnet};

    fn roundtrips(addr: &Address) {
        assert_eq!(
            Address::from_str(&addr.to_string()).unwrap().assume_checked(),
            *addr,
            "string round-trip failed for {}",
            addr,
        );
        assert_eq!(
            Address::from_script(&addr.script_pubkey(), *addr.network()).as_ref(),
            Ok(addr),
            "script round-trip failed for {}",
            addr,
        );

        #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
        {
            let ser = serde_json::to_string(addr).expect("failed to serialize address");
            let back: Address<NetworkUnchecked> =
                serde_json::from_str(&ser).expect("failed to deserialize address");
            assert_eq!(back.assume_checked(), *addr, "serde round-trip failed for {}", addr)
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2pkh_address_58() {
        let addr = Address::new(
            Bitcoin,
            Payload::PubkeyHash("162c5ea71c0b23f5b9022ef047c4a86470a5b070".parse().unwrap()),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            addr.script_pubkey(),
            ScriptBuf::from_hex("76a914162c5ea71c0b23f5b9022ef047c4a86470a5b07088ac").unwrap()
        );
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2pkh));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2pkh_from_key() {
        let key = "048d5141948c1702e8c95f438815794b87f706a8d4cd2bffad1dc1570971032c9b6042a0431ded2478b5c9cf2d81c124a5e57347a3c63ef0e7716cf54d613ba183".parse::<PublicKey>().unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2pkh(&key, Bitcoin);
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "1QJVDzdqb1VpbDK7uDeyVXy9mR27CJiyhY");

        let key = "03df154ebfcf29d29cc10d5c2565018bce2d9edbab267c31d2caf44a63056cf99f"
            .parse::<PublicKey>()
            .unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2pkh(&key, Testnet);
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "mqkhEMH6NCeYjFybv7pvFC22MFeaNT9AQC");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2pkh));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2sh_address_58() {
        let addr = Address::new(
            Bitcoin,
            Payload::ScriptHash("162c5ea71c0b23f5b9022ef047c4a86470a5b070".parse().unwrap()),
        );

        assert_eq!(
            addr.script_pubkey(),
            ScriptBuf::from_hex("a914162c5ea71c0b23f5b9022ef047c4a86470a5b07087").unwrap(),
        );
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2sh));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2sh_parse() {
        let script = ScriptBuf::from_hex("552103a765fc35b3f210b95223846b36ef62a4e53e34e2925270c2c7906b92c9f718eb2103c327511374246759ec8d0b89fa6c6b23b33e11f92c5bc155409d86de0c79180121038cae7406af1f12f4786d820a1466eec7bc5785a1b5e4a387eca6d797753ef6db2103252bfb9dcaab0cd00353f2ac328954d791270203d66c2be8b430f115f451b8a12103e79412d42372c55dd336f2eb6eb639ef9d74a22041ba79382c74da2338fe58ad21035049459a4ebc00e876a9eef02e72a3e70202d3d1f591fc0dd542f93f642021f82102016f682920d9723c61b27f562eb530c926c00106004798b6471e8c52c60ee02057ae").unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2sh(&script, Testnet).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "2N3zXjbwdTcPsJiy8sUK9FhWJhqQCxA8Jjr");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2sh));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2sh_parse_for_large_script() {
        let script = ScriptBuf::from_hex("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").unwrap();
        assert_eq!(Address::p2sh(&script, Testnet), Err(Error::ExcessiveScriptSize));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2wpkh() {
        // stolen from Bitcoin transaction: b3c8c2b6cfc335abbcb2c7823a8453f55d64b2b5125a9a61e8737230cdb8ce20
        let mut key = "033bc8c83c52df5712229a2f72206d90192366c36428cb0c12b6af98324d97bfbc"
            .parse::<PublicKey>()
            .unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2wpkh(&key, Bitcoin).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "bc1qvzvkjn4q3nszqxrv3nraga2r822xjty3ykvkuw");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2wpkh));
        roundtrips(&addr);

        // Test uncompressed pubkey
        key.compressed = false;
        assert_eq!(Address::p2wpkh(&key, Bitcoin), Err(Error::UncompressedPubkey));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2wsh() {
        // stolen from Bitcoin transaction 5df912fda4becb1c29e928bec8d64d93e9ba8efa9b5b405bd683c86fd2c65667
        let script = ScriptBuf::from_hex("52210375e00eb72e29da82b89367947f29ef34afb75e8654f6ea368e0acdfd92976b7c2103a1b26313f430c4b15bb1fdce663207659d8cac749a0e53d70eff01874496feff2103c96d495bfdd5ba4145e3e046fee45e84a8a48ad05bd8dbb395c011a32cf9f88053ae").unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2wsh(&script, Bitcoin);
        assert_eq!(
            &addr.to_string(),
            "bc1qwqdg6squsna38e46795at95yu9atm8azzmyvckulcc7kytlcckxswvvzej"
        );
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2wsh));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2shwpkh() {
        // stolen from Bitcoin transaction: ad3fd9c6b52e752ba21425435ff3dd361d6ac271531fc1d2144843a9f550ad01
        let mut key = "026c468be64d22761c30cd2f12cbc7de255d592d7904b1bab07236897cc4c2e766"
            .parse::<PublicKey>()
            .unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2shwpkh(&key, Bitcoin).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "3QBRmWNqqBGme9er7fMkGqtZtp4gjMFxhE");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2sh));
        roundtrips(&addr);

        // Test uncompressed pubkey
        key.compressed = false;
        assert_eq!(Address::p2wpkh(&key, Bitcoin), Err(Error::UncompressedPubkey));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_p2shwsh() {
        // stolen from Bitcoin transaction f9ee2be4df05041d0e0a35d7caa3157495ca4f93b233234c9967b6901dacf7a9
        let script = ScriptBuf::from_hex("522103e5529d8eaa3d559903adb2e881eb06c86ac2574ffa503c45f4e942e2a693b33e2102e5f10fcdcdbab211e0af6a481f5532536ec61a5fdbf7183770cf8680fe729d8152ae").unwrap();
        let addr = Address::p2shwsh(&script, Bitcoin);
        assert_eq!(&addr.to_string(), "36EqgNnsWW94SreZgBWc1ANC6wpFZwirHr");
        assert_eq!(addr.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2sh));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_non_existent_segwit_version() {
        // 40-byte program
        let program = hex!(
            "654f6ea368e0acdfd92976b7c2103a1b26313f430654f6ea368e0acdfd92976b7c2103a1b26313f4"
        );
        let witness_prog = WitnessProgram::new(WitnessVersion::V13, program.to_vec()).unwrap();
        let addr = Address::new(Bitcoin, Payload::WitnessProgram(witness_prog));
        roundtrips(&addr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_address_debug() {
        // This is not really testing output of Debug but the ability and proper functioning
        // of Debug derivation on structs generic in NetworkValidation.
        #[derive(Debug)]
        #[allow(unused)]
        struct Test<V: NetworkValidation> {
            address: Address<V>,
        }

        let addr_str = "33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k";
        let unchecked = Address::from_str(addr_str).unwrap();

        assert_eq!(
            format!("{:?}", Test { address: unchecked.clone() }),
            format!("Test {{ address: Address<NetworkUnchecked>({}) }}", addr_str)
        );

        assert_eq!(
            format!("{:?}", Test { address: unchecked.assume_checked() }),
            format!("Test {{ address: {} }}", addr_str)
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_address_type() {
        let addresses = [
            ("1QJVDzdqb1VpbDK7uDeyVXy9mR27CJiyhY", Some(AddressType::P2pkh)),
            ("33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k", Some(AddressType::P2sh)),
            ("bc1qvzvkjn4q3nszqxrv3nraga2r822xjty3ykvkuw", Some(AddressType::P2wpkh)),
            (
                "bc1qwqdg6squsna38e46795at95yu9atm8azzmyvckulcc7kytlcckxswvvzej",
                Some(AddressType::P2wsh),
            ),
            (
                "bc1p5cyxnuxmeuwuvkwfem96lqzszd02n6xdcjrs20cac6yqjjwudpxqkedrcr",
                Some(AddressType::P2tr),
            ),
            // Related to future extensions, addresses are valid but have no type
            // segwit v1 and len != 32
            ("bc1pw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kt5nd6y", None),
            // segwit v2
            ("bc1zw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvaryvaxxpcs", None),
        ];
        for (address, expected_type) in &addresses {
            let addr = Address::from_str(address)
                .unwrap()
                .require_network(Network::Bitcoin)
                .expect("mainnet");
            assert_eq!(&addr.address_type(), expected_type);
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_bip173_350_vectors() {
        // Test vectors valid under both BIP-173 and BIP-350
        let valid_vectors = [
            ("BC1QW508D6QEJXTDG4Y5R3ZARVARY0C5XW7KV8F3T4", "0014751e76e8199196d454941c45d1b3a323f1433bd6"),
            ("tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7", "00201863143c14c5166804bd19203356da136c985678cd4d27a1b8c6329604903262"),
            ("bc1pw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kt5nd6y", "5128751e76e8199196d454941c45d1b3a323f1433bd6751e76e8199196d454941c45d1b3a323f1433bd6"),
            ("BC1SW50QGDZ25J", "6002751e"),
            ("bc1zw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvaryvaxxpcs", "5210751e76e8199196d454941c45d1b3a323"),
            ("tb1qqqqqp399et2xygdj5xreqhjjvcmzhxw4aywxecjdzew6hylgvsesrxh6hy", "0020000000c4a5cad46221b2a187905e5266362b99d5e91c6ce24d165dab93e86433"),
            ("tb1pqqqqp399et2xygdj5xreqhjjvcmzhxw4aywxecjdzew6hylgvsesf3hn0c", "5120000000c4a5cad46221b2a187905e5266362b99d5e91c6ce24d165dab93e86433"),
            ("bc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqzk5jj0", "512079be667ef9dcbbac55a06295ce870b07029bfcdb2dce28d959f2815b16f81798")
        ];
        for vector in &valid_vectors {
            let addr: Address = vector.0.parse::<Address<_>>().unwrap().assume_checked();
            assert_eq!(&addr.script_pubkey().to_hex_string(), vector.1);
            roundtrips(&addr);
        }

        let invalid_vectors = [
            // 1. BIP-350 test vectors
            // Invalid human-readable part
            "tc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq5zuyut",
            // Invalid checksums (Bech32 instead of Bech32m):
            "bc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqh2y7hd",
            "tb1z0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vqglt7rf",
            "BC1S0XLXVLHEMJA6C4DQV22UAPCTQUPFHLXM9H8Z3K2E72Q4K9HCZ7VQ54WELL",
            "bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kemeawh",
            "tb1q0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq24jc47",
            // Invalid character in checksum
            "bc1p38j9r5y49hruaue7wxjce0updqjuyyx0kh56v8s25huc6995vvpql3jow4",
            // Invalid witness version
            "BC130XLXVLHEMJA6C4DQV22UAPCTQUPFHLXM9H8Z3K2E72Q4K9HCZ7VQ7ZWS8R",
            // Invalid program length (1 byte)
            "bc1pw5dgrnzv",
            // Invalid program length (41 bytes)
            "bc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7v8n0nx0muaewav253zgeav",
            // Invalid program length for witness version 0 (per BIP141)
            "BC1QR508D6QEJXTDG4Y5R3ZARVARYV98GJ9P",
            // Mixed case
            "tb1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vq47Zagq",
            // zero padding of more than 4 bits
            "bc1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7v07qwwzcrf",
            // Non-zero padding in 8-to-5 conversion
            "tb1p0xlxvlhemja6c4dqv22uapctqupfhlxm9h8z3k2e72q4k9hcz7vpggkg4j",
            // Empty data section
            "bc1gmk9yu",
            // 2. BIP-173 test vectors
            // Invalid human-readable part
            "tc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kg3g4ty",
            // Invalid checksum
            "bc1qw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kv8f3t5",
            // Invalid witness version
            "BC13W508D6QEJXTDG4Y5R3ZARVARY0C5XW7KN40WF2",
            // Invalid program length
            "bc1rw5uspcuh",
            // Invalid program length
            "bc10w508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kw5rljs90",
            // Invalid program length for witness version 0 (per BIP141)
            "BC1QR508D6QEJXTDG4Y5R3ZARVARYV98GJ9P",
            // Mixed case
            "tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sL5k7",
            // zero padding of more than 4 bits
            "bc1zw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvaryvqyzf3du",
            // Non-zero padding in 8-to-5 conversion
            "tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3pjxtptv",
            // Final test for empty data section is the same as above in BIP-350

            // 3. BIP-173 valid test vectors obsolete by BIP-350
            "bc1pw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7kw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvary0c5xw7k7grplx",
            "BC1SW50QA3JX3S",
            "bc1zw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvaryvg6kdaj",
        ];
        for vector in &invalid_vectors {
            assert!(vector.parse::<Address<_>>().is_err());
        }
    }

    #[test]
    #[cfg(feature = "serde")]
    fn test_json_serialize() {
        use serde_json;

        let addr =
            Address::from_str("132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM").unwrap().assume_checked();
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&addr).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            json,
            serde_json::Value::String("132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM".to_owned())
        );
        let into: Address = serde_json::from_value::<Address<_>>(json).unwrap().assume_checked();
        assert_eq!(addr.to_string(), into.to_string());
        assert_eq!(
            into.script_pubkey(),
            ScriptBuf::from_hex("76a914162c5ea71c0b23f5b9022ef047c4a86470a5b07088ac").unwrap()
        );

        let addr =
            Address::from_str("33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k").unwrap().assume_checked();
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&addr).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            json,
            serde_json::Value::String("33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k".to_owned())
        );
        let into: Address = serde_json::from_value::<Address<_>>(json).unwrap().assume_checked();
        assert_eq!(addr.to_string(), into.to_string());
        assert_eq!(
            into.script_pubkey(),
            ScriptBuf::from_hex("a914162c5ea71c0b23f5b9022ef047c4a86470a5b07087").unwrap()
        );

        let addr: Address<NetworkUnchecked> =
            Address::from_str("tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7")
                .unwrap();
        let json = serde_json::to_value(addr).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            json,
            serde_json::Value::String(
                "tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7".to_owned()
            )
        );

        let addr =
            Address::from_str("tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7")
                .unwrap()
                .assume_checked();
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&addr).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            json,
            serde_json::Value::String(
                "tb1qrp33g0q5c5txsp9arysrx4k6zdkfs4nce4xj0gdcccefvpysxf3q0sl5k7".to_owned()
            )
        );
        let into: Address = serde_json::from_value::<Address<_>>(json).unwrap().assume_checked();
        assert_eq!(addr.to_string(), into.to_string());
        assert_eq!(
            into.script_pubkey(),
            ScriptBuf::from_hex(
                "00201863143c14c5166804bd19203356da136c985678cd4d27a1b8c6329604903262"
            )
            .unwrap()
        );

        let addr = Address::from_str("bcrt1q2nfxmhd4n3c8834pj72xagvyr9gl57n5r94fsl")
            .unwrap()
            .assume_checked();
        let json = serde_json::to_value(&addr).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(
            json,
            serde_json::Value::String("bcrt1q2nfxmhd4n3c8834pj72xagvyr9gl57n5r94fsl".to_owned())
        );
        let into: Address = serde_json::from_value::<Address<_>>(json).unwrap().assume_checked();
        assert_eq!(addr.to_string(), into.to_string());
        assert_eq!(
            into.script_pubkey(),
            ScriptBuf::from_hex("001454d26dddb59c7073c6a197946ea1841951fa7a74").unwrap()
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_qr_string() {
        for el in
            ["132F25rTsvBdp9JzLLBHP5mvGY66i1xdiM", "33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k"].iter()
        {
            let addr =
                Address::from_str(el).unwrap().require_network(Network::Bitcoin).expect("mainnet");
            assert_eq!(addr.to_qr_uri(), format!("bitcoin:{}", el));
        }

        for el in [
            "bcrt1q2nfxmhd4n3c8834pj72xagvyr9gl57n5r94fsl",
            "bc1qwqdg6squsna38e46795at95yu9atm8azzmyvckulcc7kytlcckxswvvzej",
        ]
        .iter()
        {
            let addr = Address::from_str(el).unwrap().assume_checked();
            assert_eq!(addr.to_qr_uri(), format!("BITCOIN:{}", el.to_ascii_uppercase()));
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_valid_networks() {
        let legacy_payload = &[
            Payload::PubkeyHash(PubkeyHash::all_zeros()),
            Payload::ScriptHash(ScriptHash::all_zeros()),
        ];
        let segwit_payload = (0..=16)
            .map(|version| {
                Payload::WitnessProgram(
                    WitnessProgram::new(
                        WitnessVersion::try_from(version).unwrap(),
                        vec![0xab; 32], // Choose 32 to make test case valid for all witness versions(including v0)
                    )
                    .unwrap(),
                )
            })
            .collect::<Vec<_>>();

        const LEGACY_EQUIVALENCE_CLASSES: &[&[Network]] =
            &[&[Network::Bitcoin], &[Network::Testnet, Network::Regtest, Network::Signet]];
        const SEGWIT_EQUIVALENCE_CLASSES: &[&[Network]] =
            &[&[Network::Bitcoin], &[Network::Regtest], &[Network::Testnet, Network::Signet]];

        fn test_addr_type(payloads: &[Payload], equivalence_classes: &[&[Network]]) {
            for pl in payloads {
                for addr_net in equivalence_classes.iter().flat_map(|ec| ec.iter()) {
                    for valid_net in equivalence_classes
                        .iter()
                        .filter(|ec| ec.contains(addr_net))
                        .flat_map(|ec| ec.iter())
                    {
                        let addr = Address::new(*addr_net, pl.clone());
                        assert!(addr.is_valid_for_network(*valid_net));
                    }

                    for invalid_net in equivalence_classes
                        .iter()
                        .filter(|ec| !ec.contains(addr_net))
                        .flat_map(|ec| ec.iter())
                    {
                        let addr = Address::new(*addr_net, pl.clone());
                        assert!(!addr.is_valid_for_network(*invalid_net));
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        test_addr_type(legacy_payload, LEGACY_EQUIVALENCE_CLASSES);
        test_addr_type(&segwit_payload, SEGWIT_EQUIVALENCE_CLASSES);
    }

    #[test]
    fn p2tr_from_untweaked() {
        //Test case from BIP-086
        let internal_key = XOnlyPublicKey::from_str(
            "cc8a4bc64d897bddc5fbc2f670f7a8ba0b386779106cf1223c6fc5d7cd6fc115",
        )
        .unwrap();
        let secp = Secp256k1::verification_only();
        let address = Address::p2tr(&secp, internal_key, None, Network::Bitcoin);
        assert_eq!(
            address.to_string(),
            "bc1p5cyxnuxmeuwuvkwfem96lqzszd02n6xdcjrs20cac6yqjjwudpxqkedrcr"
        );
        assert_eq!(address.address_type(), Some(AddressType::P2tr));
        roundtrips(&address);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_related_to_pubkey_p2wpkh() {
        let address_string = "bc1qhvd6suvqzjcu9pxjhrwhtrlj85ny3n2mqql5w4";
        let address = Address::from_str(address_string)
            .expect("address")
            .require_network(Network::Bitcoin)
            .expect("mainnet");

        let pubkey_string = "0347ff3dacd07a1f43805ec6808e801505a6e18245178609972a68afbc2777ff2b";
        let pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(pubkey_string).expect("pubkey");

        let result = address.is_related_to_pubkey(&pubkey);
        assert!(result);

        let unused_pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(
            "02ba604e6ad9d3864eda8dc41c62668514ef7d5417d3b6db46e45cc4533bff001c",
        )
        .expect("pubkey");
        assert!(!address.is_related_to_pubkey(&unused_pubkey))
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_related_to_pubkey_p2shwpkh() {
        let address_string = "3EZQk4F8GURH5sqVMLTFisD17yNeKa7Dfs";
        let address = Address::from_str(address_string)
            .expect("address")
            .require_network(Network::Bitcoin)
            .expect("mainnet");

        let pubkey_string = "0347ff3dacd07a1f43805ec6808e801505a6e18245178609972a68afbc2777ff2b";
        let pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(pubkey_string).expect("pubkey");

        let result = address.is_related_to_pubkey(&pubkey);
        assert!(result);

        let unused_pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(
            "02ba604e6ad9d3864eda8dc41c62668514ef7d5417d3b6db46e45cc4533bff001c",
        )
        .expect("pubkey");
        assert!(!address.is_related_to_pubkey(&unused_pubkey))
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_related_to_pubkey_p2pkh() {
        let address_string = "1J4LVanjHMu3JkXbVrahNuQCTGCRRgfWWx";
        let address = Address::from_str(address_string)
            .expect("address")
            .require_network(Network::Bitcoin)
            .expect("mainnet");

        let pubkey_string = "0347ff3dacd07a1f43805ec6808e801505a6e18245178609972a68afbc2777ff2b";
        let pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(pubkey_string).expect("pubkey");

        let result = address.is_related_to_pubkey(&pubkey);
        assert!(result);

        let unused_pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(
            "02ba604e6ad9d3864eda8dc41c62668514ef7d5417d3b6db46e45cc4533bff001c",
        )
        .expect("pubkey");
        assert!(!address.is_related_to_pubkey(&unused_pubkey))
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_related_to_pubkey_p2pkh_uncompressed_key() {
        let address_string = "msvS7KzhReCDpQEJaV2hmGNvuQqVUDuC6p";
        let address = Address::from_str(address_string)
            .expect("address")
            .require_network(Network::Testnet)
            .expect("testnet");

        let pubkey_string = "04e96e22004e3db93530de27ccddfdf1463975d2138ac018fc3e7ba1a2e5e0aad8e424d0b55e2436eb1d0dcd5cb2b8bcc6d53412c22f358de57803a6a655fbbd04";
        let pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(pubkey_string).expect("pubkey");

        let result = address.is_related_to_pubkey(&pubkey);
        assert!(result);

        let unused_pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(
            "02ba604e6ad9d3864eda8dc41c62668514ef7d5417d3b6db46e45cc4533bff001c",
        )
        .expect("pubkey");
        assert!(!address.is_related_to_pubkey(&unused_pubkey))
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_related_to_pubkey_p2tr() {
        let pubkey_string = "0347ff3dacd07a1f43805ec6808e801505a6e18245178609972a68afbc2777ff2b";
        let pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(pubkey_string).expect("pubkey");
        let xonly_pubkey = XOnlyPublicKey::from(pubkey.inner);
        let tweaked_pubkey = TweakedPublicKey::dangerous_assume_tweaked(xonly_pubkey);
        let address = Address::p2tr_tweaked(tweaked_pubkey, Network::Bitcoin);

        assert_eq!(
            address,
            Address::from_str("bc1pgllnmtxs0g058qz7c6qgaqq4qknwrqj9z7rqn9e2dzhmcfmhlu4sfadf5e")
                .expect("address")
                .require_network(Network::Bitcoin)
                .expect("mainnet")
        );

        let result = address.is_related_to_pubkey(&pubkey);
        assert!(result);

        let unused_pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(
            "02ba604e6ad9d3864eda8dc41c62668514ef7d5417d3b6db46e45cc4533bff001c",
        )
        .expect("pubkey");
        assert!(!address.is_related_to_pubkey(&unused_pubkey));
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_is_related_to_xonly_pubkey() {
        let pubkey_string = "0347ff3dacd07a1f43805ec6808e801505a6e18245178609972a68afbc2777ff2b";
        let pubkey = PublicKey::from_str(pubkey_string).expect("pubkey");
        let xonly_pubkey = XOnlyPublicKey::from(pubkey.inner);
        let tweaked_pubkey = TweakedPublicKey::dangerous_assume_tweaked(xonly_pubkey);
        let address = Address::p2tr_tweaked(tweaked_pubkey, Network::Bitcoin);

        assert_eq!(
            address,
            Address::from_str("bc1pgllnmtxs0g058qz7c6qgaqq4qknwrqj9z7rqn9e2dzhmcfmhlu4sfadf5e")
                .expect("address")
                .require_network(Network::Bitcoin)
                .expect("mainnet")
        );

        let result = address.is_related_to_xonly_pubkey(&xonly_pubkey);
        assert!(result);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_fail_address_from_script() {
        let bad_p2wpkh = ScriptBuf::from_hex("0014dbc5b0a8f9d4353b4b54c3db48846bb15abfec").unwrap();
        let bad_p2wsh = ScriptBuf::from_hex(
            "00202d4fa2eb233d008cc83206fa2f4f2e60199000f5b857a835e3172323385623",
        )
        .unwrap();
        let invalid_segwitv0_script =
            ScriptBuf::from_hex("001161458e330389cd0437ee9fe3641d70cc18").unwrap();
        let expected = Err(Error::UnrecognizedScript);

        assert_eq!(Address::from_script(&bad_p2wpkh, Network::Bitcoin), expected);
        assert_eq!(Address::from_script(&bad_p2wsh, Network::Bitcoin), expected);
        assert_eq!(
            Address::from_script(&invalid_segwitv0_script, Network::Bitcoin),
            Err(Error::InvalidSegwitV0ProgramLength(17))
        );
    }

    #[test]
    fn valid_address_parses_correctly() {
        let addr = AddressType::from_str("p2tr").expect("false negative while parsing address");
        assert_eq!(addr, AddressType::P2tr);
    }

    #[test]
    fn invalid_address_parses_error() {
        let got = AddressType::from_str("invalid");
        let want = Err(Error::UnknownAddressType("invalid".to_string()));
        assert_eq!(got, want);
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_matches_script_pubkey() {
        let addresses = [
            "1QJVDzdqb1VpbDK7uDeyVXy9mR27CJiyhY",
            "1J4LVanjHMu3JkXbVrahNuQCTGCRRgfWWx",
            "33iFwdLuRpW1uK1RTRqsoi8rR4NpDzk66k",
            "3QBRmWNqqBGme9er7fMkGqtZtp4gjMFxhE",
            "bc1zw508d6qejxtdg4y5r3zarvaryvaxxpcs",
            "bc1qvzvkjn4q3nszqxrv3nraga2r822xjty3ykvkuw",
            "bc1p5cyxnuxmeuwuvkwfem96lqzszd02n6xdcjrs20cac6yqjjwudpxqkedrcr",
            "bc1pgllnmtxs0g058qz7c6qgaqq4qknwrqj9z7rqn9e2dzhmcfmhlu4sfadf5e",
        ];
        for addr in &addresses {
            let addr = Address::from_str(addr).unwrap().require_network(Network::Bitcoin).unwrap();
            for another in &addresses {
                let another =
                    Address::from_str(another).unwrap().require_network(Network::Bitcoin).unwrap();
                assert_eq!(addr.matches_script_pubkey(&another.script_pubkey()), addr == another);
            }
        }
    }
}